Tunable subwavelength focusing with dispersion-engineered metamaterials in the terahertz regime

We develop a terahertz lens with both subwavelength resolution and tunable far-field focal length by extending the surface plasmon (SP) diffraction theory into spoof SPs of slit-groove-structure terahertz metamaterials. The dispersion properties of terahertz groove structures are engineered in the curved depth profile to produce a directional beaming feature and mimic SPs at the same time. The finite-difference time-domain simulation results confirm that the far-field focal position can be tuned by controlling the curvature of the relative electric field phase distribution profile on the output surface.