Recent research in underwater acoustic communications has taken advantage of MIMO technologies to achieve reliable communication with 10-100 times increase of data rate in comparison to traditional systems. The powerful turbo equalization and FEC coding techniques enable both single-carrier modulation and OFDM systems to combat triply selective UWA channels. This article reviews the time-domain and frequency-domain turbo equalizer schemes for MIMO SCM systems. Low-complexity techniques are presented with both turbo linear equalizers and turbo soft decision feedback equalizers in both the time and frequency domains. Although results are shown specifically for UWA channels, these turbo equalizer techniques are also suitable for terrestrial RF communication systems.
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Zheng et al. (2015) studied this question.