Key result
COVID-19 vaccination shows no link to new-onset autoantibodies for lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or antiphospholipid syndrome.
Why the study?
It is of significant interest to investigate whether COVID-19 vaccines evoke the formation of autoantibodies and subsequent autoimmunity due to reports that SARS-CoV-2 can trigger autoimmunity.
Do homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens induce new-onset formation of autoantibodies?
Observational (n=121)
No
Do homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens induce new-onset formation of autoantibodies?
Homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens provide immunity to SARS-CoV-2 without inducing new-onset autoantibody formation associated with common autoimmune diseases.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Reassures on autoantibody risk after COVID-19 vaccination; leaves open longer-term autoimmune monitoring in observational data.
The COVID-19 pandemics has caused the death of almost six million people worldwide. In order to establish collective immunity, the first vaccines that were approved in Germany were the vector virus-based vaccine Vaxzevria and the mRNA vaccines Comirnaty and Spikevax, respectively. As it was reported that SARS-CoV-2 can trigger autoimmunity, it is of significant interest to investigate whether COVID-19 vaccines evoke the formation of autoantibodies and subsequent autoimmunity. Here, we analyzed immune responses after different vaccination regimens (mRNA/mRNA, Vector/Vector or Vector/mRNA) with respect to anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity and the development of autoantibodies well known for their appearance in distinct autoimmune diseases. We found that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were 90% lower after Vector/Vector vaccination compared to the other vaccinations and that Vector/mRNA vaccination was more effective than mRNA/mRNA vaccination in terms of IgM and IgA responses. However, until 4 months after booster vaccination we only detected increases in autoantibodies in participants with already pre-existing autoantibodies whereas vaccinees showing no autoantibody formation before vaccination did not respond with sustained autoantibody production. Taken together, our study suggests that all used COVID-19 vaccines do not significantly foster the appearance of autoantibodies commonly associated with lupus erythematodes, rheumatoid arthritis, Celiac disease and antiphospholipid-syndrome but provide immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
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Thurm et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Healthy individuals receiving COVID-19 vaccination (n=121). COVID-19 vaccination (homologous mRNA, homologous vector, or heterologous vector/mRNA) vs. Pre-vaccination baseline was evaluated on New-onset formation of autoantibodies (anti-Cardiolipin, anti-Prothrombin, anti-β2-Glycoprotein, anti-CCP, anti-TTG, ANA). Homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens did not significantly induce new-onset formation of autoantibodies associated with lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, or antiphospholipid syndrome.
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