The Cytoskeleton of the Naked Green Flagellatespermatozopszs Similis(chlorophyta): Analysis of Isolated Basal Apparatuses in the Parallel Configuration1,2

The biflagellate green algaSpermatozopsis similisis demonstrated to be a model organism for the biochemical and functional analysis of the basal apparatus. Basal apparatuses were isolated in the presence of 10−6M Ca2+, which induces the reorientation of the basal bodies into the parallel state. Serial thin sectioning of enriched basal apparatuses stained with tannic acid reveals several novel details of the structure of the basal bodies, the distal connecting fiber, and the striated microtubule‐associated fibers. We observed a pronounced difference in size of a striated fiber connecting the basal bodies to the five‐stranded microtubular roots depending on its association with the developmentally older or younger basal body. Instead of a proximal connecting fiber, the proximal end of each basal body is associated with a striated triangular plate; these plates appear to serve as spacers for the basal bodies in the parallel and antiparallel configurations. We suggest that the plates play a role in maintaining basal body orientation during forward and backward swimming. The results are summarized in representative drawings of the basal apparatus.