Preparation of Modified Zeolites and Their Application as Catalysts and Sorbents for Environmental Pollution Remediation

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With the continuous development of industrialization, environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent. Developing high-efficiency and low-cost environmental remediation materials has become an urgent research demand. Zeolites exhibit great application potential in air purification and water pollution control due to their adjustable pore structure, high specific surface area, and excellent ion exchange performance. Nevertheless, the inherent microporous structure, framework charge property, and limited functional diversity of unmodified zeolites limit their remediation performance in complex environmental conditions. Accordingly, a variety of modification strategies have been developed to regulate the pore structure, framework composition, interfacial properties, and activesite structure of pristine zeolites. This review further discusses the key challenges facing modified zeolites in aspects of mass transfer, multicomponent adsorption selectivity, operational durability, adsorbent/catalyst regeneration, scalable preparation, and practical engineering application and proposes prospects for the development of zeolite-based multifunctional adsorbents and catalysts oriented to environmental pollution remediation.