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Of the 26 Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) sampled with the aim of characterizing insect ectoparasites, five birds were parasitized by louse flies. Two species were identified, Ornithophila metallica and Ornithomya fringillina . The first species is reported for the first time in the Red-backed Shrike, and the second represents a new host association in the Iberian Peninsula.
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Bernal et al. (2022) studied this question.
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