Amazonian Nanobioeconomy 5.0: A Critical Integrative Review and Conceptual Framework Toward a Just Planetary Transition

The transition from predatory extractive economies to high-technology systems centered on the standing forest paradigm represents a defining sustainability challenge for the Global South. This integrative review establishes a novel socio-technical and technological architecture, conceptualized as Amazonian Nanobioeconomy 5.0, by critically synthesizing the convergence of the Amazonian lipid pharmacopeia, Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDESs), and Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) optimization. We critically evaluate how data-driven green nanomanufacturing can overcome the empirical trial-and-error bottlenecks and severe chemical variability inherent to native biodiversity oils and butters. The integration of predictive algorithms—such as tree-based models and Bayesian optimization—with eco-friendly extraction media enables the rational design of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) while accelerating their translation across the biotechnological “Valley of Death”. Under the Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design (SSbD) framework, this convergence offers a composition-dependent green alternative to harmful petrochemical volatile organic compounds, fosters circular biorefineries, and minimizes the global environmental footprint of advanced nanopharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. Finally, we articulate how this digital and green deep-tech infrastructure must be non-negotiably tethered to strict territorial governance, fair benefit-sharing, and epistemic justice to prevent data colonialism and foster a truly just planetary transition.