Robustness of perfect Laguerre–Gaussian beams for OAM multiplexing in turbulence

This study investigates the strong robustness of perfect Laguerre–Gaussian (PLG) beams in orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing systems compared to Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams. We demonstrate that PLG beams, with an optimal beam waist of approximately 0.07 m, exhibit superior turbulence resistance properties. Specifically, for the topological charge l of 7 constrained by the characteristics of PLG beams, these beams achieve an increase in received probability of approximately 0.3 over LG beams. Furthermore, multiplexed PLG beams undergo significant phase rotation during propagation, with the rotation direction determined by the sign of the larger topological charge between multiplexed OAM modes. We also demonstrate that PLG beams outperform LG beams in terms of beam integrity, received probability, and bit error rate in OAM multiplexing systems. These findings provide valuable insights into OAM multiplexing and mode recognition, suggesting that multiplexed PLG beams could serve as a promising solution for robust communication in turbulent environments.