The pressing need for green nanofluids: A review

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Possessing the same efficacious thermophysical properties as their conventional counterparts, the green nanofluids are prepared by facile, cost-effective, safe, clean, and eco-friendly synthesis processes that entail minimal hazardous implications on public health and surrounding environment. This work of review intends to offer a general overview of the biosynthesis methods of preparation of these bio-friendly heat transfer fluids, their fundamental properties, and main potential fields of application. Also, this survey highlights the urgent necessity to adopt the development and use of green nanofluids and correspondent environmentally benevolent methods of preparation. This trend will mitigate the risks and threats posed by the conventional nanofluids and their physical and chemical manufacturing methods to human health and environment, especially in the actual era where the carbon dioxide emissions and other discharged hazards loads to the atmosphere and climate change are continuously increasing worries. There is no doubt about the paramount importance of adopting novel green nanomaterials and breakthrough green technologies as soon as possible. Particularly, the synthesis of bio-friendly nanofluids, using bioactive compounds present in abundant and renewable natural extracts, and the use of this novel class of heat transfer fluids in thermal management systems will undoubtedly constitute a major benefit to the public and to the preservation of the environment.