A Nonlinear Spatio-Temporal Dynamical Stabilization and Control for Inverter Based Networked Microgrids: Energy Function Based Approach

The integration of distributed energy resources into modernized networked microgrids and the increasing variability in load dynamics present significant instability challenges. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the stability of cascaded interactions in nonlinear multi-timescale systems consisting of grid following and grid forming inverters. Furthermore, the proposed controller, aided by the nonlinear Lyapunov function, offers an improved and resilient approach to address the challenges associated with nonlinear plant and line/network dynamics, uncertainties in state variables, and unmodeled system dynamics. Asymptotic spatio-temporal dynamical stability is guaranteed for the closed loop control system through constrained time state convergence to stable equilibrium points while control oscillations are kept to a minimum. The combination of comparative analysis and high-fidelity hardware in loop emulations provided robust evidence of the superior performance of our proposed controller over traditional controllers in diverse dynamic scenarios. Its ability to rapidly reject disturbances, minimize overshoot, converge efficiently, and enhance power quality confirms its effectiveness and highlights its potential for real-world applications.