Graphitization studies of cured phenolic resins by high‐resolution 13C‐cross‐polarization magic angle spinning solid‐state NMR spectroscopy

Abstract 13C‐cross‐polarization/magic angle spinning solid‐state NMR spectroscopy is used to investigate the graphitization process of a pyrolyzed formophenolic resin. The formation of a 2‐dimensional graphitelike lattice, growing with the duration of the laser pyrolysis, is shown. A one‐parameter‐condensation model is used to estimate, from our dipolar‐dephasing NMR experimental data, the quaternary‐to‐tertiary aromatic fraction, the number of condensed aromatic rings (from 10 to 23 units), and the average cluster diameter (from 9 to 14 Å).