Влияние ВИЧ-инфекции на течение беременности, родов и перинатальные исходы

Aim: to consider the impact of HIV infection on the course of pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal outcomes in women with established HIV status. Design: Retrospective study. Materials and methods. The analysis of medical histories of 96 HIV-infected women and their newborns and outpatient cards (form 111/y) of mothers with HIV infection was carried out. Results. In the majority of women with HIV infection (87.5%), pregnancy was burdened by adverse factors, such as smoking and drug use. Out of 96 newborns, 90 children were born alive, and 6 were born dead. Of the 90 live births, there were 56 (62.22%) full-term and 34 (37.78%) premature babies. Of the 34 premature infants, 13 (38.23%) were born from HIV-infected mothers with stage III of the disease, 21 (61.76%) from mothers with stage IV. Out of 6 stillborn children, 2 (33.33%) children were born to HIV-infected women with stage III of the disease, 4 (66.67%) with stage IV. All 6 stillborn babies were premature. 85 (88.54%) women had concomitant diseases during pregnancy, and 11 (11.46%) had uncomplicated pregnancy. Congenital malformations of the fetus were observed in 9 (10.59%) newborns, of which 4 children (44.44%) from timely delivery in women with stage III HIV, and 5 (55.56%) with stage IV. Conclusion. To prevent the transmission of HIV infection from mother to child, it is necessary to carry out timely HIV diagnosis, effectively identify risk factors for HIV infection, observe the correct tactics of pregnancy and childbirth, as well as further monitoring of the child in the first 1.5 years of life.