Fungi Associated with Damping-off of Slash Pine Seedlings in Georgia

(...) Isolates of Fusarium moniliforme var. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. fusarioides, F. solani, Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, binucleate Rhizoctonia-like fungus CAG-3, Pythium aphanidermatum, Penicillium expansum, and Cladosporium cladosporioides caused preemergence damping-off. (...) F. moniliforme var. subglutinans, F. m. var. moniliforme, and F. m. var. intermedium initiated infections from seedborne inoculum to the cotyledons. F. m. var. subglutinans was the most virulent of these three varieties of F. moniliforme. In growth chambers at 20 and 30C, F. m. var. moniliforme, and F. m. var. intermedium needed higher temperatures to cause infections. This is the first report of F. m. var. intermedium causing a plant disease