Determinants of sleep quality among pregnant women in China: A cross-sectional survey

Background: Sleep problems are common during pregnancy.Few studies are currently available regarding the determinants of sleep quality among pregnant women in China.The aim of the present study was to (a) calculate the prevalence of sleep disorder during pregnancy, (b) examine the difference in sleep quality among three trimesters, and (c) identify determinants of sleep quality in pregnant women.Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional survey.500 pregnant women were recruited at the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology of two teaching hospitals in central China.Five self-report questionnaires were used for gathering data, including information of sample characteristics, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), prenatal depression (the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS) and perceived social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, MSPSS).Results: A total of 454 pregnant women participated in the study between December 2013 and July 2014.87% pregnant women experience sleep disorder (PSQI score>5).Poorer global sleep quality, subjective sleep quality, lower sleep efficiency and sleep disturbances were most prevalent during third trimester.The significant contributors of sleep quality for pregnant women were prenatal depression, age and gestational age.Conclusions: Sleep disorder is a common problem for pregnant women in China.Depressive symptoms, increased age and gestational age are determinants of sleep quality.Health care professionals should identify determinants to conduct preventive intervention.