Key result
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines with full-length S protein effectively induce neutralizing antibodies in mice unlike SP-deficient constructs.
Why the study?
The impact of the signal peptide, transmembrane region, and cytoplasmic tail on the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines remains unclear.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Informs mRNA antigen engineering for SARS-CoV-2; leaves open human immunogenicity and efficacy trials.
New SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to prevail worldwide, and effective vaccines are needed to prevent an epidemic. mRNA vaccines are gradually being applied to the prevention and control of infectious diseases with significant safety and effectiveness. The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is the main target of mRNA vaccine design, but the impact of the signal peptide (SP), transmembrane region (TM), and cytoplasmic tail (CT) on mRNA vaccine remains unclear. In this study, we constructed three forms of mRNA vaccines related to the S protein: full-length, deletion of the TM and CT, and simultaneous deletion of the SP, TM and CT, and compared their immunogenicity. Our experimental data show that full-length S protein and deletion of the TM and CT could effectively induce neutralizing antibody production in mice, while S protein without the SP and TM could not. This indicates that the S protein SP is necessary for the design of mRNA vaccine.
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Mo et al. (2023) studied SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines (full-length, deletion of TM/CT, deletion of SP/TM/CT) vs. Comparison among different vaccine constructs was evaluated on Neutralizing antibody production. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines with full-length S protein or deletion of the TM and CT effectively induced neutralizing antibodies in mice, whereas constructs lacking the SP could not.
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