Studying the equilibrium between dimers and J-aggregates of meso-ethylthiatrimethine cyanines in water solutions showed that there are two J-aggregate forms of dyes that depend on the structure of dyes and temperatures. The formation of two J-aggregates is connected to the existence of two isomers (cis-, and trans) of dyes in a solution, the equilibrium between which is determined by the structure of dye and temperature. We assume that the short-wave J-aggregate is the J cis -aggregate and is formed from cis-dimers and the long-wave is accordingly the J trans -aggregate, which is formed from a trans-dimers.
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Shapiro et al. (2009) studied this question.
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