In this study, we achieved a simple beam steering based on the hybrid configuration of traveling-wave and parallel feed circuits. The proposed antenna system provides a 2-D beam steering with the traveling-wave feeding using a two-way dc bias only. The traveling-wave feeding circuit and antenna units were designed and fabricated in this study. The input phases to the fabricated two-way traveling-wave antenna units were parallelly tuned using the two-way phase shifters. This antenna system consists of a hybrid configuration with the traveling-wave and parallel feedings, which contributed to a simple beam steering. In the demonstration using the designed and fabricated antenna, we confirmed the 77.8% parameter reduction compared with the conventional full-array antenna configuration.
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Hasegawa et al. (2022) studied this question.
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