We show how a structural element introduced into a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) results in the device operating in single stable high-order mode. The results from a 55 μm diameter device, λ=772 nm, are presented. The stability of the mode structure is investigated as a function of injection current. A simple theory, based on a modal loss discrimination mechanism in VCSELs with slightly perturbed mirrors, is used to explain the preferred lasing mode in VCSEL structures using a central etched well.
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Milster et al. (1998) studied this question.
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