Coming to Terms with Zero Tolerance Sexual Harassment Policies

Although the term “zero tolerance” (ZT) has been used to describe sexual harassment policies, among other policies against undesired behavior, for several years, a zero tolerance industry has mushroomed since the Supreme Court fashioned the “affirmative defense” in their twin 1998 sexual harassment decisions. We take a critical look at policies noting that no clear definition exists, although either “absolutist” or “symbolic” classes of definitions appear to guide ZT proponents. As such ZT policies run the risk of increasing backlash against women, obfuscating proactive organizational climates, and emphasizing “form” over “substance.” We recommend that employers look at the root causes of sexual harassment and provide leadership in role modeling egalitarian, respectful work environments.