The effect of Nd 3+ substitution on the structural properties of magnesium ferrite prepared by the sol–gel technique was studied in the series MgNd x Fe 2− x O 4 , where x = 0–0.3 in steps of 0.05. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the limit for Nd 3+ doping without any secondary phase appearing along with the spinel phase. Particle size calculation shows that the crystallite sizes of the prepared samples are in the 21–30 nm regime. The decrease in value of the lattice parameter with doping suggests that the shrinkage in unit cell and the crystallite size increase with Nd 3+ concentration. Fourier transform infrared analysis shows that the substitution of Fe 3+ ions is in octahedral B-sites by Nd 3+ ions. X-ray fluorescence results show that the composition of prepared samples is in the expected ratio. Transmission electron microscope micrographs revealed spherical morphology and magnetic interaction of the samples. Magnetic measurements revealed the B-site substitution of Nd 3+ ions in the series MgNd x Fe 2− x O 4 . The variation of magnetic parameters with doping concentration is explained with the help of particle size dependence.
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Thankachan et al. (2013) studied this question.
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