Nitroarenes can be reduced in high yields to the corresponding anilines using zinc metal and NH4Cl in water without any organic solvent at 80 °C with a simple procedure at low cost. The procedure is powerful enough to reduce sterically hindered 2,6-dimethylnitrobenzene and is chemoselective for nitro groups; ester, amide and halide substituents on aromatic rings are unaffected.
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Tsukinoki et al. (2001) studied this question.
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