The Peculiarities of Neutrophil Migration in the Flow System

An original model of a flow system simulating the hemodynamic process in capillaries was created to study neutrophil migration. Using this model, it was found that the general neutrophil migratory patterns (aggregate and tether formation, migration along intercellular contacts of endothelial cells) are reproduced both in the control (a system without chemoattractants) and in the experiment (a system with low-molecular-weight bacterial chemoattractants). However, when S. aureus and P. mirabilis were used as chemoattractants, the number of aggregates and neutrophil tethers increased statistically significantly (p < 0.05). The aggregates correspond to the swarming phenomenon in the transendothelial migration system and contribute to limiting the zone of bacterial infection. The neutrophil tethers slow down the hemodynamic movement of cells and can either trigger migration or serve as precursors for the formation of elongated neutrophil-derived structures with a high antibacterial potential. Thus, all the observed phenomena promote the implementation of protective functions in the case of bacteremia.