The effectiveness evaluation of a single primary motivational counseling in patients with obesity and cardiovascular diseases

Obesity and cardiovascular pathology are chronic non-communicable diseases. Motivational preventive training for patients with this pathology is a part of complex treatment in combination with drug therapy. Objective. To determine the alimentary-dependent cardiovascular risk in stationary patients with obesity and cardiovascular pathology, assess the efficacy of one-time primary motivational counseling regarding changes in body weight, waist circumference, and eating habits after 6 months. Materials and methods. The study involved 137 stationary patients with cardiovascular diseases and obesity. The median age was 61.0 [48.0; 67.0] years, and the median body mass index was 34.34 [32.01; 36.98] kg/m2. All patients were polled, assessed for anthropometric indicators and metabolic profile of their lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and passed motivational counseling to adjust their nutrition. After 6 months, they passed a phone survey to assess the dynamics in body weight, waist circumference, and eating habits. Results. 67.9% of patients had a moderate alimentary-dependent cardiovascular risk. Six months after the motivational counseling, 87.5% of patients started consuming 400 g/day of vegetables, 82.8% were consuming 400 g/day of fruits, 70.3% have added 20 g/day of nuts to their diet, 59.4% started practicing “fish days” twice a week (p<0.05). Besides, 15% of patients observed a decrease in abdominal obesity. 65% of patients were losing weight, including minus 5% from the initial body weight in 29% (40/137) of patients and minus 10% in 17.5% (24/137). Conclusion. A one-time primary motivational counseling for patients with cardiovascular pathology and obesity at hospital admission positively affects changes in their nutrition and anthropometric indicators.