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Gradual, yet a great leap: electrosynthesized surfactant-stabilized gold atomic clusters (AuACs; Au(n) , 5≤n≤13) electrocatalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acid solution at low overpotentials. Depending on the surfactant concentration, the ORR mechanism gradually transits from a direct four-electron to a two-electron pathway (see picture; SHE=standard hydrogen electrode), which suggests the transformation of atomic clusters into nanoparticles.
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Jeyabharathi et al. (2010) studied this question.
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