Key result
Renal malformations underlie most pediatric secondary hypertension, with ~33% progressing to ESRD.
Why the study?
The prevalence, causes, and outcomes of secondary hypertension in pediatric patients in Saudi Arabia were not well characterized.
Observational (n=3,640)
No
Secondary hypertension due to renal disease is highly prevalent among pediatric nephrology admissions in Saudi Arabia, with significant rates of progression to end-stage renal disease and mortality.
May warrant close renal surveillance in affected children; leaves open need for prospective studies to guide interventions.
BACKGROUND: The secondary hypertension (HTN) is the predominant form of HTN in pediatrics. Renal diseases and renovascular anomalies are the most commonly reported causes. In this study, we aimed to identify the prevalence, causes, and outcomes of secondary HTN in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted among 3,640 pediatric patients aged between 0 and 18 years, admitted to the pediatric nephrology ward at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study has been approved by the ethics review committee of King Abdulaziz University. RESULTS: = 79, 32.4%) were under control, 49 (20.1%) lost follow-up, and 24 (10.1%) deceased. A total of 61 (33.1%) patients progressed to end-stage renal disease and patientswere managed by different types of treatments. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of secondary HTN due to renal disease is considered to be high in pediatric patients admitted to King Abdulaziz University. Several renal diseases in the renal system are associated with secondary HTN mostly attriubuted to renal malformation. In addition, renal affection, cerebral infarction, bleeding, left ventricular hypertrophy, and valvular lesion are the highest reported complications in our population. Follow-up with ECHO and brain CT is highly recommended in pediatric HTN. Future studies on a larger sample and vigorous follow-up are recommended.
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Safdar et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Secondary hypertension (n=3,640). Secondary hypertension was evaluated on Clinical outcomes including blood pressure control, loss to follow-up, death, and progression to end-stage renal disease. Secondary hypertension in pediatric nephrology patients was largely attributed to renal malformations, with 33.1% progressing to end-stage renal disease and 10.1% dying.
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