A method for fabricating atomic vapor cells with physical dimensions of order 1 mm3 or below is described. Cells with integrated lenses are made from hollow-core glass fiber, and fused shut at either end using highly localized heating from a CO2 laser beam. Such cells, subsequently loaded with alkali atoms and a buffer gas, could form the basis for future generations of compact frequency references or magnetometers.
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Knappe et al. (2003) studied this question.
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