Effect of Physical Training on the Morphology of Parasympathetic Atrial Ganglia after Unilateral Vagotomy in Rats

Figures

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  Figure 1. A representative image of intramural neural structures of rat right atrium. The arrows indicate parasympathetic nerve ganglion (G) and parasympathetic neural fibers (N). Immunohistochemical analysis on S100 b.

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  Figure 2. A representative microscopy image showing intramural parasympathetic ganglion. The right atrium of a rat from the RS group on the 25th day after vagotomy. Immunohistochemical staining for S100 b.

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  Figure 3. Morphometric parameters of rats that were kept in conditions of natural maintenance after the surgery (no training). (a) Total ganglia area and (b) number of cells. On each box, the central mark indicates the median, and the bottom and top edges of the box indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to the most extreme data points not considered outliers. *: p < 0.05.

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  Figure 4. Changes in morphometric parameters due to training in rats from groups of left-sided and right-sided vagotomy. (a) Total ganglia area and (b) number of cells. On each box, the central mark indicates the median, and the bottom and top edges of the box indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to the most extreme data points not considered outliers, and the outliers are plotted individually using the ‘+’ symbol. *: p < 0.05.

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  Figure 5. The linear regression between the initial (before any surgery) normalized high-frequency component (nHF) of the HRV spectra and morphological parameters of parasympathetic atrial ganglia. (a) Total ganglia area and (b) Number of cells. Blue circles show the measured values, the red line is the best fit for the data, and pink dashed curves represent a 95% confidence interval for the regression line.

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  Figure 6. The linear regression between the standard deviation of normal RR intervals (SDNN), assessed three weeks after surgery and morphometric parameters of parasympathetic atrial ganglia. (a) Total ganglia area and (b) number of cells. Blue circles show the measured values, the red line is the best fit for the data, and pink dashed curves represent a 95% confidence interval for the regression line.