Organizational Factors as Predictors of Tobacco Cessation Pharmacotherapy Adoption in Addiction Treatment Programs

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated 3 organizational factors (ie, counseling staff clinical skills, absence of treatment program obstacles, and policy-related incentives) as predictors of tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy (TCP) adoption (comprised of the 9 available TCPs) in addiction treatment programs using the innovation implementation effectiveness framework. METHODS: Data were obtained in 2010 from a random sample of 1006 addiction treatment program administrators located across the United States using structured telephone interviews. RESULTS: According to program administrator reports, TCP is adopted in approximately 30% of treatment programs. Negative binomial regression results show that fewer treatment program obstacles and more policy-related incentives are related to greater adoption of TCP. Counter to prediction, clinical skills are unrelated to TCP adoption. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that organizational factors, on the basis of established theoretical frameworks, merit further examination as facilitators of the adoption of diverse TCP in addiction treatment programs.