Ballistic Graphene Josephson Junctions from the Short to the Long Junction Regimes

We investigate the critical current IC of ballistic Josephson junctions made of encapsulated graphene--boron-nitride heterostructures. We observe a crossover from the short to the long junction regimes as the length of the device increases. In long ballistic junctions, IC is found to scale as ∝exp(-kBT/δE). The extracted energies δE are independent of the carrier density and proportional to the level spacing of the ballistic cavity. As T→0 the critical current of a long (or short) junction saturates at a level determined by the product of δE (or Δ) and the number of the junction's transversal modes.