Three new Europhium species with Verticicladiella imperfect states on blue-stained pine

Three new species in the genus Europhium (E. clavigerum, E. aureum, and E. robustum) with Verticicladiella imperfect states are described and figured. Cleistothecia are found on bark, sapwood, and in old beetle galleries of beetle-infested, blue-stained pines, including lodgepole (pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.), ponderosa (Pinus ponderosa Laws.), limber (Pinus flexilis James), and western white (pinus monticola Dougl.). Europhium clavigerum was found on all hosts, E. aureum on lodgepole, and E. robustum on ponderosa. Perfect states of all three species are similar and species separation is based on differences between the imperfect states. A key is provided to separate the Verticicladiella states of the three new species of Europhium and the Leptographium state of E. trinacriforme Parker.