The Effects of Cold and Hot Applications on Knee Joint Laxity and Post-Jump Landing Biomechanics in Healthy Individuals

This study aims to determine the effects of thermal agents applied to the knee region on the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) score and knee laxity. Participants were included in the study using a crossover randomization method and participated over three days with a two-day interval between cold, hot, and control applications. After the application sequence group for the participant was determined, descriptive data were recorded by the researcher. The range of motion (ROM) values of the participant's lower extremity joints and knee Q angle were measured using a goniometer, and Beighton criteria scores were assessed by the researcher. Following the day's application, measurements of LESS and knee laxity using a rolimeter were performed. During the cold, hot, and control applications, the ambient temperature during the application, the temperature of the applied cold/hot material, and the joint temperature before and after the application were measured using a thermal camera to ensure optimal application of the thermal agent. A total of 41 participants, 28 women (68.3%) and 13 men (31.7%), were included in the study. A statistically significant difference was observed in knee temperatures before and after the applications and in joint temperatures after hot/cold applications (p0.05). The study concluded that thermal agents applied to the knee region did not result in a significant difference in LESS scores and knee laxity.