The influence of saline in small concentrations on the rheological behavior of concentrated suspensions of lignite in water was determined. It was found that for solids volume fractions below about 40%, the suspension viscosity exhibited a slight minimum at a saline concentration of about 1 mmol/L whereas the viscosity exhibited a maximum at this same saline concentration for solids volume fractions above about 40%. An explanation is offered in terms of the electrostatic effects of adsorbed ions and crowding effects.
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Darby et al. (1981) studied this question.
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