Key result
Low admission PON-1 activity linked to ~3-fold higher mortality in sick horses.
Why the study?
The role of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity as a clinical biomarker for inflammation and prognosis in horses was unknown.
Does paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity identify systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or predict poor prognosis in sick horses?
Cross-Sectional (n=58)
Yes
Does paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity identify systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or predict poor prognosis in sick horses?
Low PON-1 activity at admission may be a highly specific marker for predicting SIRS or negative outcome in sick horses, though its sensitivity is low.
BACKGROUND: In several species, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) decreases during inflammation, because of the presence of oxidative stress; its measurement recently has been validated in horses, but its role as a clinical biomarker is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratio of PON-1 activity to identify systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)-positive horses or horses with a poor prognosis. ANIMALS: One hundred seventy-two blood samples from 58 sick horses from 3 different veterinary hospitals. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, PON-1 activity was measured upon admission and at 24-hour intervals until discharge or death, and results were analyzed based on SIRS status and outcome. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found in median PON-1 activity between SIRS and non-SIRS cases or between survivors and non-survivors except for mares, in which PON-1 activity was significantly lower in SIRS-positive horses (P = .05). The sensitivity of PON-1 activity in identifying horses with SIRS or negative outcome was low (0.0%-46.2% depending on the examined group) but its specificity was high (87.0%-100.0%). However, when PON-1 is low, the likelihood of death is 2.40-3.89 times higher than the likelihood of survival. Repeated measurement of PON-1 after treatment does not predict outcome. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Evaluation of PON-1 activity in horses with inflammation might be advisable in the future, but only low activity at admission may be relevant in predicting SIRS or negative outcome.
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Ruggerone et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (n=58). Low paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity vs. Normal or high PON-1 activity was evaluated on SIRS status and outcome (survival vs death) (Likelihood ratio 2.40-3.89, p=.05). Low paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity at admission was associated with a 2.40 to 3.89 times higher likelihood of death in sick horses.
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