Variation in Availability of Continuous Ambulatory Electrocardiographic Monitors Across Canadian Provinces

Background: Continuous ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitors are essential for diagnosing cardiac arrhythmias. In Canada, individual provinces dictate access to and reimbursement for these services. This study examines variations in access to continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring in Canada. Methods: We reviewed publicly available provincial schedules of benefits, to identify the durations of continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring reimbursed across Canadian provinces. We abstracted data on the duration, modality, and reimbursement criteria for monitoring services. Additionally, at least one specialist from each province provided information on the types of monitors available, their accessibility, and further information on local reimbursement processes. Results: We found significant variability in continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring coverage across provinces. Shorter monitoring durations (24 and 48 hours) are available in all provinces, but coverage for longer durations varies. Only patients in Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Saskatchewan can access publicly funded, 14-day, continuous, ambulatory ECG monitors. Ambulatory ECG monitoring is available from hospitals in all provinces. Direct-to-patient device delivery is available in all but 4 provinces (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Nova Scotia). Testing by private entities is available in 5 provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, and Quebec). Conclusions: The availability of continuous, ambulatory, ECG monitoring across Canadian provinces has considerable variability. Measures are needed to ensure equitable access to ambulatory ECG monitoring services nationwide. Creating national monitoring guidelines could set goals for provinces to work toward, enhancing access for all Canadians and reinforcing values of the Canada Health Act.