Reporting systems for cardiac surgery

Background Stomach cancer is one of the most common malignancies and a primary cause of cancer death. It is a disease with an aggressive nature and a low survival rate, resulting in a significant cancer burden worldwide. Using global and national cancer registries, we investigated the most recent global incidence of stomach cancer by histological subtypes. Methods The WHO Cancer Incidence in Five Continents and Global Cancer Observatory were used to assess the incidence of stomach cancer by histological subtypes in 2020. The world standard population was used to estimate age-standardised rates for stomach cancer incidence by histological subtypes. Results In 2020, the global stomach cancer incidence was estimated to be 11.1 per 100 000 persons with 1089103 cases. The global cardia stomach cancer incidence was 2.0, with higher incidence observed in the male population (3.2 vs. 0.91 in females); Eastern Asia (4.5), Western Asia (1.6), Western Europe (1.6), and Oceania (1.6); and countries with high HDI (3.2 vs. 0.32 for low HDI countries). The global non-cardia stomach cancer incidence was 9.1, with higher incidence observed in the male population (12.6 vs. 6.1 in females); Eastern Asia (17.9), Central and Eastern Europe (10.2), South America (8.1), and Western Asia (6.9); and countries with high HDI (11.5 vs. 4.2 for low HDI countries). Conclusions In Eastern Asia, Central and Eastern Europe, and South America, non-cardia stomach cancer remains the most common subtype of stomach cancer. Eastern Asia, Western Asia, and Western Europe had the greatest rates of cardia stomach cancer. The reasons for the variations in stomach cancer distribution by histological subtypes need to be investigated further.