Nutritional supplementation in pregnant, lactating women and young children following a plant-based diet: A narrative review of the evidence

can lead to anemia and neurological issues. Zinc, iodine, selenium, omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), choline, and creatine also play critical roles in development and may require supplementation in plant-based diets. With careful planning, plant-based diets can meet nutritional needs during pregnancy, lactation, and childhood. Supplementation with key micronutrients, including choline and creatine, is essential for neurodevelopment and energy metabolism. Dietitians play a vital role in guiding individualized dietary plans, and further research is needed on optimal supplement dosages and long-term health effects.