Use of tobacco products as dentifrice among adolescents in India: questionnaire study

Gastrointestinal symptoms were not prominent, and the excess in girls mirrors that seen in affected adults.The most striking observation was that children with IgA-EMA were shorter by more than 0.76 standard deviation scores and lighter by 0.54 standard deviation scores than antibody negative children matched for date and place of birth.This equates to about 9 months' growth and weight gain in an average child around this age.These features were independent of gastrointestinal symptoms and anaemia and presumably unrelated to malabsorption.Occult coeliac disease seems to start in childhood, even in those who are subsequently diagnosed as adults.The search for the trigger resulting in the breakdown of immune tolerance to gluten therefore needs to focus on infancy and intrauterine life.We thank the children and their families taking part in the study for their continuing support and the midwives for their cooperation and help in recruitment.The ALSPAC study team comprised interviewers, computer technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, and managers who continue to make the study possible.