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We present cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy studies of laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) formed on gallium phosphide after irradiation with ultrashort laser pulses with a pulse duration of 150fs and centered at a wavelength of 800nm. LIPSS with spatial periods (∼165nm) substantially smaller than the incident wavelength are found to have vertical profiles as high as ∼960nm measured from the crest to the trough. The present observations provide important insights into the formation mechanisms of subwavelength LIPSS.
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Hsu et al. (2008) studied this question.
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