Thomas Flatt, Stefan Dummermuth, Bradley R. Anholt, Mark-Recapture Estimates of Survival in Populations of the Asp Viper, Vipera aspis aspis, Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 31, No. 4 (Dec., 1997), pp. 558-564
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Flatt et al. (1997) studied this question.
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