Interface dominated biferroic La0.6Sr0.4MnO3∕0.7Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.3PbTiO3 epitaxial superlattices

Superlattices composed of ferromagnetic La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 and ferroelectric 0.7Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.3(PbTiO3) layers were fabricated on (100) LaAlO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. The ferromagnetic and frequency independent ferroelectric hysteresis characteristics established the biferroic nature of the superlattices. Influence of magnetic field was observed in tuning the P-E characteristics of the superlattices. A similar effect was observed on application of a high dc electric field to the samples. The nature of the observed ferroelectric properties and their modulation by applied magnetic and electric fields were thus discussed in connection to the ferroelectric/ferromagnetic interfaces.