Key result
Ischemic heart disease surgery linked to ~257% higher odds of cardiac rehabilitation referral.
Why the study?
Cardiac rehabilitation programs are under-used despite their benefits after cardiac surgery, and the profile of patients receiving rehabilitation is not well defined.
What are the predictors of cardiac rehabilitation referral among patients undergoing cardiac surgery?
Observational (n=336)
No
What are the predictors of cardiac rehabilitation referral among patients undergoing cardiac surgery?
Odds Ratio: 3.57 (95% CI 1.7242–7.566)
p-value: p=0.001
Despite the known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation, referral rates after cardiac surgery remain extremely low (13.8%), highlighting a critical gap in postoperative care.
Identifies characteristics of post-surgical CR recipients; leaves open whether targeted interventions can boost uptake in underrepresented groups.
Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of mortality globally. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs act by modifying the evolution of CVD and mortality; however, CR programs are under-used. The aim was to determine the profile of patients that received rehabilitation after cardiac surgery. Patients and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 at a single center. The study sample was chosen among patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Gregorio Marañón/Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were collected. Results: In the present study, 336 patients underwent cardiac surgery of which 63.8% were men and 87.1% had ≥1 cardiovascular risk factors. Of the total cohort, 24.7% were operated for ischemic heart disease, 47.9% valvulopathy, 11% underwent combined surgery, 3.6% cardiac transplantation, 6.5% aneurysms, and 3.9% congenital disease. In-hospital respiratory rehabilitation was prescribed to all patients. Only 4.8% of the patients received motor rehabilitation and 13.8% were referred to CR. We found higher referral rates among patients with more cardiovascular risk factors, <65 years of age, and those undergoing coronary surgery and heart transplantation. Age, ischemic heart disease, and overweight were independent predictors of CR referral. Conclusion: The benefit of CR programs after cardiac surgery is widely described; however, the referral rate to CR remains low. It is crucial to optimize referral protocols for these patients.
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González et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Cardiovascular surgical patients (n=336). Ischemic heart disease surgery vs. Other cardiac surgeries was evaluated on Referral to phase II cardiac rehabilitation program (OR 3.57, 95% CI 1.7242-7.566, p=0.001). Ischemic heart disease surgery significantly increased the likelihood of referral to cardiac rehabilitation (OR 3.57), alongside age under 65 and overweight/obesity, in a cohort with an overall referral rate of only 13.8%.
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