Design of Anchored Bulkheads in Sands

This investigation concerns the use of conventional free earth support method as applied to anchored bulkheads in sands and to the development of a simplified pressure diagram for the purposes of design. The development of a computational pressure diagram (CPD) and range of values for the coefficients necessary to use the CPD are summarized. The use of the CPD to simplify the design procedure is explained. The suggested design procedure is found to be simple to use and shows good agreement with conventional methods. The method results in a safe penetration depth, and reduced free earth support moment. The suggested design procedure will be very useful in many preliminary design phases.