Key result
Fibronectin enhances aortic valve endothelial cell spreading and shear stress resistance versus type I collagen.
Why the study?
The interactions between endothelial cells and extracellular matrix regulating adhesion and responses to shear stress require characterization for vascular and valvular endothelium.
p-value: p=<0.0001
Vascular and valvular endothelial cells exhibit distinct, matrix-dependent adhesion properties, which has implications for endothelial mechanobiology and tissue engineering.
In vitro data favor fibronectin for valve endothelial adhesion under shear; leaves open translation to clinical biomaterials.
The interactions between endothelial cells and the underlying extracellular matrix regulate adhesion and cellular responses to microenvironmental stimuli, including flow-induced shear stress. In this study, we investigated the adhesion properties of primary porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) and valve endothelial cells (PAVECs) in a microfluidic network. Taking advantage of the parallel arrangement of the microchannels, we compared adhesion of PAECs and PAVECs to fibronectin and type I collagen, two prominent extracellular matrix proteins, over a broad range of concentrations. Cell spreading was measured morphologically, based on cytoplasmic staining with a vital dye, while adhesion strength was characterized by the number of cells attached after application of shear stresses of 11, 110, and 220 dyn cm(-2). Results showed that PAVECs were more well spread on fibronectin than on type I collagen (P < 0.0001), particularly for coating concentrations of 100, 200, and 500 microg mL(-1). PAVECs also withstood shear significantly better on fibronectin than on collagen for 500 microg mL(-1). PAECs were more well spread on collagen compared to PAVECs (P < 0.0001), but did not have significantly better adhesion strength. These results demonstrate that cell adhesion is both cell-type and matrix dependent. Furthermore, they reveal important phenotypic differences between vascular and valvular endothelium, with implications for endothelial mechanobiology and the design of microdevices and engineered tissues.
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Young et al. (2007) studied this question. Fibronectin coating vs. Type I collagen coating was evaluated on Cell spreading and adhesion strength under shear stress (p=<0.0001). Porcine aortic valve endothelial cells spread significantly better on fibronectin than on type I collagen (P<0.0001) and withstood shear stress better at high coating concentrations.
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