Nanostructured Pt–Sn[sub 1−x]In[sub x]P[sub 2]O[sub 7] Cathodes for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Nanosized proton-conducting ionomers were grown on carbon supports by the coprecipitation of tin and indium chlorides with excess ammonia water and subsequent solid-state reaction with phosphoric acid. The resulting homogeneous networks of ionomers enhanced the activity of a Pt catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in the temperature range of . In addition, the Pt catalyst showed high corrosion resistance in the cathode environment while maintaining high performance levels. A comparison of the cathode performance between and ionomers further demonstrated that the nanoparticles are promising candidates for cathode ionomer materials at high temperatures.