Limits to the extent of the spatio-temporal domain for deterministic wave prediction

The authors discuss the spatio-temporal domain, here referred to as the predictable zone, in which waves can be predicted deterministically based on an observation in a limited spatial or temporal domain. A key issue is whether the group or phase speed of the observed waves governs the extent of the predictable zone. The authors have addressed this issue again using linear wave theory on both computer-generated synthetic wave fields and laboratory experimental observations. The authors find that the group speed adequately indicates the predictable zone for forecasting horizons relevant for offshore and maritime applications.