A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Levobupivacaine With Clonidine and Levobupivacaine With Dexmedetomidine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block

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OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study is to compare clonidine and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to levobupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block with respect to onset, duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia. MATERIALS AND METHODSA total of 90 ASA grade I and II patients of either sex, aged 18-60 yrs.scheduled for elective upper limb surgeries under supraclavicular brachial plexus block were divided into 3 equal groups in a randomized fashion.Group L (n=30) received 1 mL NS, group LC (=30) received 1 mL (150 g) clonidine and group LD (n=30) received 1 mL (100 g) dexmedetomidine added to 30 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine.Onset and recovery time of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia and quality of block were studied in all three groups. RESULTSOnset time of sensory and motor blockade was 12.43±2.56min and 17.96±3.05min respectively in group L, 9.03±1.60min and 15.00±2.40min respectively in group LC and 8.13±2.51min and 12.13±2.89min respectively in group LD.Duration of sensory and motor blockade was 660.16±44.28min and 535.33±50.66min respectively in group L, 880.16±55.48min and 771.83±54.19min respectively in group LC and 930.66±48.02min and 811.83±52.08min respectively in group LD.Time of rescue analgesia was 728.86±45.12min in group L, 1013.5±59.01min in group LC and 1159.8±56.8min in group LD (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONDexmedetomidine when added to LA in supraclavicular brachial plexus block prolongs the duration of sensory and motor blockade and also the time for rescue analgesia as compared to clonidine.Dexmedetomidine also enhances quality of block (LD>LC>C).