A compact reconfigurable antenna with high directivity and 360° beam steering is proposed for 5.8 GHz band application. The concept incorporates via-grounding technique around a circular patch that is shorted with a matching patch, surrounded by a combination of edge-grounded sector patches and arc strips. The matching patch is utilized to improve the impedance matching and lower the resonance frequency. Six beam-steerable states are achieved using 12 p-i-n diodes. Compared to other reconfigurable antennas for similar applications, the presented design has a more compact size (diameter of 1.95λg) and profile of 0.17λg, where λgis the wavelength at resonance, while maintaining a high gain (8.1 dBi), front-to-back ratio (18 dB), and efficiency (84%).
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Alam et al. (2018) studied this question.
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