Key result
Attention impairments in chronic moderate-to-severe TBI are linked to increased sensorimotor network functional connectivity.
Why the study?
Modifications of functional connectivity in resting-state networks after moderate to severe TBI and their relationship with cognitive abnormalities were not fully understood.
Observational (n=77)
No
Moderate to severe TBI is associated with altered functional connectivity in resting-state networks, particularly increased sensorimotor network connectivity which correlates with attention deficits.
Hypothesis-generating for connectivity-targeted TBI interventions; should not change clinical management without prospective trials.
The aim of this study was to explore modifications of functional connectivity in multiple resting-state networks (RSNs) after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and evaluate the relationship between functional connectivity patterns and cognitive abnormalities. Forty-three moderate/severe TBI patients and 34 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state fMRI. Group ICA was applied to identify RSNs. Between-subject analysis was performed using dual regression. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the relationship between abnormal connectivity strength and neuropsychological outcome. Forty (93%) TBI patients showed moderate disability, while 2 (5%) and 1 (2%) upper severe disability and low good recovery, respectively. TBI patients performed worse than HC on the domains attention and language. We found increased connectivity in sensorimotor, visual, default mode (DMN), executive, and cerebellar RSNs after TBI. We demonstrated an effect of connectivity in the sensorimotor RSN on attention ( p < 10 −3 ) and a trend towards a significant effect of the DMN connectivity on attention ( p = 0.058). A group-by-network interaction on attention was found in the sensorimotor network ( p = 0.002). In TBI, attention was positively related to abnormal connectivity within the sensorimotor RSN, while in HC this relation was negative. Our results show altered patterns of functional connectivity after TBI. Attention impairments in TBI were associated with increased connectivity in the sensorimotor network. Further research is needed to test whether attention in TBI patients is directly affected by changes in functional connectivity in the sensorimotor network or whether the effect is actually driven by changes in the DMN.
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Shumskaya et al. (2016) conducted an observational in Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (n=77). Traumatic brain injury vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Relationship between functional connectivity in the sensorimotor resting-state network and attention (p=<0.001). In patients with chronic moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury, attention impairments were significantly associated with increased functional connectivity in the sensorimotor network.
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