Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Celosia trigyna and Euphorbia hirta in mitigating paracetamol-induced liver toxicity: bridging ethnomedicine and modern pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Paracetamol is a widely used over-the-counter drug for pain relief and fever management. However, its misuse through chronic overuse or acute overdose presents significant risks to human health, primarily causing hepatotoxicity and systemic oxidative stress. METHODOLOGY: in mitigating paracetamol-induced liver damage in male Wistar rats. CONCLUSION: have the potential to serve as natural prophylactic or therapeutic agents for mitigating paracetamol toxicity. Further research is required to isolate their active compounds and explore their synergistic potential with conventional treatments. This study bridges traditional medicine and modern pharmacology, offering innovative approaches to managing drug-induced liver.