Magnetic characterization of λ-MnO2 and Li2Mn2O4 prepared by electrochemical cycling of LiMn2O4

Magnetic characterization has been performed on the cubic phases λ-Li0.07Mn2O4, Li0.98Mn2O4, and the tetragonal phase Li1.82Mn2O4, prepared by electrochemical cycling of a single starting LiMn2O4 spinel. The magnitude of the negative Weiss constant increases with x in LixMn2O4, indicating that antiferromagnetic interactions increase in strength as the Mn4+ concentration decreases. Spin-glass behavior is observed in all three materials, as previously seen in nearly stoichiometric LiMn2O4 [Jang et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 2504 (1999)]. A short-range antiferromagnetic correlation is observed in Li2Mn2O4 at temperatures below the paramagnetic temperature regime, which is ascribed to collective Jahn–Teller distortion causing a two-dimensional nearest-Mn-neighbors interaction.